For a truly enjoyable sauna, it must "breathe". Proper ventilation ensures fresh air, even heat distribution, and a comfortable sauna experience - not only for you but also for your heater.
Why is ventilation so important?
If ventilation is not properly planned, there will be insufficient oxygen while sitting on the sauna bench. Air stratification creates a significant temperature difference—it's too hot at the top while your feet remain cold. Proper ventilation not only improves air quality but also enhances the efficiency of the stove.
Sauna ventilation consists of:
✅ supply air (fresh air)
✅ exhaust between the first and second bench levels
✅ ceiling exhaust (for drying sauna after the use)
Sauna drying
All saunas require ventilation to allow the space to dry out after use and to prevent moisture buildup. This improves air quality and helps prevent mold formation. The ventilation outlet is typically placed in the sauna ceiling, but it should remain closed during sauna use to maintain even heat distribution.
Types of ventilation
There are two main types of ventilation: gravity-based and mechanical ventilation. Gravity-based ventilation is the most commonly used in private homes and apartments, while mechanical ventilation is more frequently installed in commercial saunas, where there is higher client traffic. Ventilation parameters also depend on whether the sauna uses an electric or wood-fired heater, as well as whether the heater is a net-stove or a closed-sided stove.
Gravity-Based Ventilation
For electric heaters or wood-fired stoves heated through the wall:
- Closed-sided stove: supply air intake should be placed near the floor at a height where air can enter from below, heat up, and promote proper air circulation. Another option is to position the intake directly above the stove, but no lower than 80 cm from the floor.
- Net-stove: supply air intake should be located approximately in the middle of the stove, but no higher than 40 cm from the floor.
The exhaust outlet for these stoves should be placed on the opposite wall of the sauna, at least 20 cm higher than the supply air, but no higher than 60 cm from the floor.
For wood-fired stoves heated from the sauna room:
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Closed-sided stove: supply air intake should be installed at the lower air circulation zone. It is crucial that the intake is positioned on the opposite side of the stove from the hearth door otherwise, the incoming air will immediately exit the sauna without ensuring proper circulation. Another option is to position the supply air directly above the stove.
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Net-stove: supply air intake should be placed at the middle section of the stove or higher, but not lower than 40 cm from the floor.
For this type of stove, a separate exhaust outlet is not required, as the stove itself serves as an exhaust system, removing excess air and moisture from the room.
Mechanical Ventilation
Please note! It is recommended to consult a professional when planning, installing or adjusting the mechanical ventilation system. If installed or maintained improperly, a mechanical ventilation system with a wood heater may cause low air pressure and generate dangerous levels of carbon monoxide (CO). Mechanical ventilation systems may be installed in different ways. The entire ventilation system of a building must function as one.
Conclusion
Proper ventilation is a crucial part of the sauna experience, ensuring fresh air, even heat distribution, and a relaxing atmosphere. Whether using gravity-based or mechanical ventilation, it is essential to plan air circulation correctly for optimal sauna performance. Let your sauna breathe, and enjoy a full and rejuvenating sauna experience!
Source: huum.eu | Love of sauna